When we plunge into sleep, our body develops active activity: repairs, compensates, makes reserves on the coming day.
Chronobiology, a science that studies human biorhythms, revealed to us that the human body is regulated by external factors, “synchronizers” – such as light and darkness, warmth and cold, day and night. During sleep in our body, important processes occur: the brain processes and sorts information, the synthesis of hormones is launched, and the skin restores its resources.
If to eliminate muscle fatigue it is enough to rest for 20 minutes with a good book or just relax in front of the TV, then our brain needs a full-fledged dream to really relax. “Falling asleep, a person is between sleep and reality for several minutes, then the phase of slow sleep comes and lasts about 20 minutes. At this time, the cortex of the brain “stops communication” with other parts of the brain, ”explains somnologist Sergei Steblletsov. – Then the phase of deep sleep occurs. Breathing and heart rhythm slow down, body temperature and brain are slightly reduced. Paradoxically, after 20-30 minutes of deep sleep, the brain returns to the second phase, as if trying to wake up, but instead begins the next phase, called Rem-SNA “. It is named so because it appears in it a quick movement of eyeballs (Rapid eye movement). It is during Rem-SNA that the most emotional and spectacular dreams are dreaming. This phase is also called “paradoxical sleep”. The phases of sleep are one cycle and in the middle of the night are repeated 4-6 times.
For a long time it was believed that dreams generally dreamed only during a paradoxical sleep, but in recent years it has been proved that visions come to us during a slow sleep – they are shorter and less emotional. “In a dream, the received information is consolidated,” continues Sergey Stebbletsov. – How does this happen? In the course of the study, it turned out that during a slow sleep in the hippocampus (this is one of the most ancient parts of the brain with many functions), the same groups of neurons are excited in the same sequence as in the learning process conducted before falling asleep. That is, the hippocampus in a dream, as a diligent student, re -repeats the information received during the day, which contributes to better memorization. And during quick (paradoxical) sleep, there is a processing of emotional information, restoration of mental balance, laying a program of behavior for tomorrow. If in a dream there is no REM-phase with stormy dreams, then there will be no morning peak of attention and learning ”. By the way, people suffering from neurosis, increased anxiety and depression often say that they do not see dreams.
It is at night that there is a peak of hormone synthesis – the body makes stocks of these substances so that they can be used during the day. For example, adrenaline, “stress hormone”, is synthesized by the adrenal cortex – during sleep, a person is almost not needed, but it is simply necessary during stormy daytime activity. The adrenal glands also synthesize cortisol, which regulates the metabolism and has an anti -inflammatory effect. Somatotropic hormone affects the growth processes and metabolic intensity, helps to restore bone tissue. Tireotropic hormone regulates the work of the thyroid gland, and it is one of the main metabolism regulators. The synthesis of most of these hormones triggers the pituitary gland – iron secretion iron located at the base of the skull. “The time of active operation of the pituitary gland is night. It is activated an hour after falling asleep, and by 3-4 hours there is a “hormonal reboot”, and then the body is already completely ready for the new day, ”explains Sergey Stebbletsov. – But the hormone melatonin, produced by the pineal gland, plays a crucial role in the regulation of the daily rhythm, in the mechanism of sleep and adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. The maximum concentration of melatonin in the blood is observed between the midnight and 4 hours in the morning “. If the normal rhythm of the synthesis of hormones is shot down as a result of prolonged insomnia, stress, this naturally entails various unpleasant consequences. For example, excess weight set.
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During the day our skin exists in the “protection mode” – to fight the aggression of the external environment. At night, she switches to the “repair mode”. She produces collagen and elastin, compensates for the action of free radicals, restores – all this requires large energy reserves. Epidermis’s cells begin to share intensely, restoring the stingy layer of the skin – the regeneration peak falls between the hour and 3 o’clock in the morning. “The Laboratory of the Research Center for the Study of the Epidermis and Square Chanel (CE.R.I.E.S.) Studies of the skin chronobiology were conducted, ”says Marie-Helene Lair, responsible for the scientific relations of the Chanel brand. – At about 23 hours, tissue is best supplied with oxygen – this is the most suitable time for applying nightly: the components penetrate better into the skin and are absorbed by it as much as possible. At night there is a phase of synthesis of fibroblasts and dermis fibers. These features are taken into account when developing nightly means that include components that stimulate the regeneration of the skin, such as Rectifiance Intense, Ultra Correction “.
“One of the most high-profile discoveries in today’s science is the value of the calcium exchange for the skin,” says Dr. Daniel Maes, vice president of international research and development of Estée Lauder Corporation. -Calcium plays a very important role in the launch of natural restoration mechanisms of the skin-this discovery was used to create a means of Re-Nutrivre-Creation. At night, when the skin switches to the regime of self -healing, it is the movement of calcium molecules in the epidermis that triggers the production of lipids to eliminate dryness and compensate for the damage caused during the day. The restoration of the hydrolipid barrier, in turn, leads to the fact that the skin can again effectively fulfill its main function – to protect our body from environmental aggression, ultraviolet radiation, and the invasion of bacteria and chemical agents ”. Stress and lack of sleep reduce the ability of the skin to restore – specially created tools taking into account its chronobiological mechanisms, partly compensate for this, helping to support the resources of the skin and preserve not only its beauty, but also health.
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